New Delhi: In a significant move to address the ongoing environmental conservation debate, the Union Environment Ministry has reissued its draft notification proposing an ecologically sensitive area (ESA) across the Western Ghats. This follows the expiration of the previous draft on July 27 without reaching a final consensus.

The Conflict with State Governments

The central government continues to face a deadlock with the six states spanning the mountain range: Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. The primary bone of contention is the identification of specific villages and regions to be included within the zone. State governments have expressed deep apprehension that the ESA declaration will stifle local agriculture, plantations, and vital infrastructure projects.

Why This Matters

BozokMedia analysis shows that this isn't just a regulatory hurdle but a fight for regional economic autonomy. The proposed notification aims to prohibit mining, quarrying, sand mining, and new thermal power plants within the ESA. For the millions living in these regions, the line between conservation and livelihood is incredibly thin.

Reconciling ecological imperatives with the socio-economic needs of local communities remains the ultimate test for Indian environmental policy.

Historical Background

The struggle for Western Ghats protection dates back to 2011 with the Madhav Gadgil report, which recommended protecting the entire 1,29,000 sq. km range. Due to intense state opposition, the K. Kasturirangan committee later suggested protecting only 37% of the area. The current 2026 draft maintains a proposed area of 56,825.7 sq. km, reflecting years of compromise and contention.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What activities will be banned in the ESA?
The notification proposes to prohibit mining, quarrying, sand mining, and the establishment of new thermal power plants.

2. How long is the public consultation period?
The latest draft is open for public objections and suggestions for a period of 60 days.